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What is General MIDI?

General MIDI

Imagine being able to connect different musical instruments, like keyboards, synthesizers, and computers, so they can all talk to each other. That’s exactly what MIDI, which stands for Musical Instrument Digital Interface, does. It’s like a common language that these devices use to communicate. But today, let’s talk about a specific part of this language called General MIDI. 

 Understanding MIDI 

Before we dive into General MIDI, let’s quickly understand MIDI. MIDI is a system that sends instructions to electronic instruments. For example, when you press a key on a MIDI keyboard, it doesn’t actually make a sound. Instead, it sends a message to another device, like a computer or a synthesizer, telling it which note to play, how long to play it, and how loud it should be. 

 What is General MIDI? 

General MIDI (often abbreviated as GM) is a standard that makes MIDI even more useful and consistent. It was introduced in 1991 to ensure that MIDI instruments and software can work together smoothly. GM does this by setting specific rules for how musical instruments should behave and sound. 

Key Features of General MIDI 

  1. Instrument Standardization: In General MIDI, there are 128 standard sounds or “instruments” assigned to specific numbers. For example, program number 1 is always a piano, number 25 is a guitar, and number 49 is a string ensemble. This means that no matter what GM-compatible device you use, program number 1 will always sound like a piano. This consistency is really helpful when sharing music files with others or using different devices.

 

  1. Percussion Channel: General MIDI reserves one of the 16 available channels (channel 10) just for percussion instruments like drums. Each key on a MIDI keyboard is mapped to a specific drum sound. So, hitting a particular key will always produce the same drum sound on any GM-compatible device.

 

  1. Polyphony: GM requires that a device can play at least 24 notes at the same time. This is called polyphony. It’s important for creating rich and complex music, especially when using multiple instruments or chords.

 

  1. Standardized Control Changes: GM also defines certain controls, like volume, pan (which speaker the sound comes from), and modulation (vibrato effects). This helps ensure that music sounds the same, no matter which GM device plays it.

 

Why is General MIDI Important? 

General MIDI makes it easy to create, share, and play music across different devices without worrying about compatibility issues. If you compose a song on a GM keyboard and save it as a MIDI file, you can share that file with someone else who has a GM-compatible device, and it will sound almost the same. This standardization has made MIDI incredibly popular in the music industry, from professional studios to home setups. 

 

Real-Life Examples

 

Learning and Practicing: Many music teachers use GM keyboards to teach students. Students can practice at home on their own GM keyboards, and the sounds will be the same as in their lessons. 

Gaming and Software: Video game composers often use GM because it ensures the music will sound right on any system that supports it. 

Home Recording: Hobbyist musicians use GM in their home studios to create music that sounds professional and can be easily shared with others. 

 

In conclusion, General MIDI is like a universal translator for electronic musical instruments. It ensures that no matter what device you use, the music will sound

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MIDI Fighter 3D – Compact MIDI Controller

midiFighterI came across this cool little MIDI controller and thought I would share it with you all. It’s called the MIDI Fighter 3D.

FEATURES
  • Accurate, detailed precision on all axis
  • Full motion tracking of tilt, pan, and rotation.
  • Map accelerometer data to any midi-compatible effect or software
  • Traktor Pro, Ableton Live and Serato Scratch official mappings
  • Customizable, animated LED color rings

The general sense I get is that the MIDI Fighter 3D is designed for live performances, but I can see how it couldn’t be useful in recording applications as well.

What do you think? Ever tried it?
Share your experiences with us.

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The History of MIDI – “Hey, remember the 80’s”?

History of MIDIHere’s a couple of cool videos if you’re interested in learning, or in some cases “reliving” many of the key events and technology that made MIDI a standard in the musical world.

30th Anniversary of MIDI

Computer Music History – Apple Computer and Midi Interface (1987)

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Looptimus MIDI Controller, Great Looking New Kickstarter Project

UPDATE: The Looptimus is now in production and can be purchased here.

Looptimus USB MIDI Foot Controller Stomp boxes and foot pedals are standard gear for guitarists all over the world.  But for some reason that trend hasn’t caught on yet for keyboardists and computer musicians. Perhaps this little box will change that.

It’s called the Looptimus USB MIDI Foot Controller, and looks like it could add some pretty cool real-time functionality to live performance software. Designed to integrate with your computer through a USB MIDI interface this little box is configurable to navigate through sections of songs, start/stop, rearrange live sets, and much more I’m sure.

The Kickstarter project is going on NOW (Sept.10.2013), and they could use your support. Link: http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/loopcommunity/looptimus-usb-midi-foot-controller  This looks like a great new tool. If you do any LIVE performances with software, or you just want to help out a good cause, consider supporting this new venture.

FEATURES:

  • 20 Banks, A – F for each Bank
  • All-Access Bank for quick switching
  • 16 MIDI Channel Options
  • 1 Dedicated STOP button (single MIDI note)
  • 9 Rock-Solid, Momentary switches
  • USB MIDI connection
  • Expression Pedal Jack (for Roland Rv-5 or equivalent)
  • 3 Digit LED Display
  • USB Bus Powered!
  • 9v optional power jack
  • Aluminum Enclosure, Black powder coated
  • 6 ft. USB Cable included
  • 8×5″ x 5″ x 1.5″

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Create Bass Lines from Drum Tracks (MIDI Tutorial)

I posted a new YouTube tutorial online. Check it out.

Have you ever wondered how to make a great bass line from scratch? Here’s one suggestion. This technique will allow you to create a great sounding bass line to go behind your song using nothing but a MIDI editor and a drum track.

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Why MIDI is Better Than Audio Loops

Why MIDI is Better Than Audio Loops…

Here are a few good reasons.  And if you see any I’ve missed, let me know in the comments below.

MIDI
AUDIO LOOPS
User Editable
Yes
No
Pitch Transpose
Unlimited
Very Limited Range
Tempo Variation
Unlimited
Very Limited Range
Edit a single note in the pattern
Yes
No
Ability to change instrumentation
Yes
No
File Size
Tiny
Large
Device Compatibility
Wide Range
No
Software Compatibility
Wide Range
Somewhat Limited

To be fair though, there are some advantages to using sound loops though.  The primary benefit is that they are essentially ready ‘out of the box’. If you have software that can accept them, you simply plug them in and away you go. You don’t have to set up a sound source first.

But having said that, I will always love MIDI above all other forms of recording because of its HUGE flexibility.

MIDI ROCKS!

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Axis 64 Midi Controller

OK, I’m all for innovation and changing the way we do things for the better. So in the spirit of experimentation I thought I would post this cool MIDI controller I found online.

This guy, Peter Davies, redesigned the musical keyboard arranging the keys based on harmonic table.

Take a look. It’s pretty cool looking.

My initial thoughts are… what about velocity sensitivity and after touch. But these are issues that I’m sure could be addressed easily enough.

Let me know what you think of this device.
Do you like it?
Have you used it?
What are the drawbacks or benefits?